More sophisticated vinyl polymers are made from monomers in which one or more of the hydrogen atoms of ethylene has been replaced by another atom or groups of atoms. Let's see what we can do by replacing just one of those hydrogen atoms. We can get a number of common plastics:
Replacing two hydrogen atoms, on the same carbon atom, we can
get
polyisobutylene, which is type of rubber.
Not many monomers in which hydrogen atoms have been replaced
on both carbon atoms will polymerize. But one polymer that is made from
a monomer substituted on both carbon atoms is polytetrafluoroethylene,
which DuPont makes and calls Teflon.
Vinyl polymers are made from vinyl monomers in a variety of ways, like:
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